With the continuous growth of global demand for clean energy, geothermal power generation, as an environmentally friendly and renewable form of energy, is gradually receiving attention from around the world. This article provides an overview of the development history, global layout, and several major thermal systems of geothermal power generation. Special mention was made of Italy as the world’s earliest country to utilize geothermal power generation, as well as China’s progress in the field of geothermal power generation. In addition, it also introduced the important raw materials provided by Junyuan Oil Group for global geothermal power generation projects.