Dongying Liangxin Petrochemical Technology Development Limited Company – SINOPETROCHEM

Normal Pentane

admin — Sun, 18 Dec 2022 14:13:06 +0000

Pentane
Pentane
Pentane is an organic compound with the formula C 5 H 12 —that is, an alkane with five carbon atoms. The term may refer to any of three structural isomers, or to a mixture of them: in the IUPAC nomenclature, however, pentane me…
Melting point： −130.5 to −129.1 °C; −202.8 to −200.3 °F; 142.7 to 144.1 K
Molar mass： 72.151 g·mol−1
Solubility in water： 40 mg L−1 (at 20 °C)
Chemical formula： C₅H₁₂

Ethyl acetate

admin — Tue, 26 Jan 2021 16:51:20 +0000

Ethyl acetate, 99%

Shelf Life: 24 mo

Shipping Restrictions: UN1173, Ethyl acetate, 3, PG II

Product Type: Ethyl Acetate

UNSPSC: 12191602

Country of Origin: China

CAS Number: 141-78-6
Molecular Weight: 88.11
Chemical Formula: C4H8O2

Specifications

Appearance	Colorless clear liquid
Purity(GC)	min. 98.0 %
Water	max. 0.05 %
Peroxide	max. 0.5 ppm
Aldehyde	max. 0.5ppm

Properties (reference)

Boiling Point	77 °C
Flash point	-3 °C
Specific Gravity (20/20)	0.90
Refractive Index	1.37
Solubility in water	Slightly soluble
Solubility (miscible with)	Chloroform
Solubility (soluble in)	Benzene,Ether,Acetone,Alcohol

MDL: MFCD00009171

EINECS: 205-500-4

Chemical Properties

Formula: C₄H₈O₂

Formula Weight: 88.11

Melting point: -84°

Boiling Point: 76-77°

Flash Point: -3°(26°F)

Density: 0.902

Refractive Index: 1.3720

Storage & Sensitivity: Ambient temperatures.

Solubility: Miscible with ethanol, acetone, diethyl ether and benzene.

Applications

Ethyl acetate is widely used as a solvent in cleaning of the circuit board. It is most suited for HPLC instruments and spectrophotometers including the UV-visible spectrophotometer, the IR spectrometer and the mass spectrometer. In addition, it can also be used as a solvent in column chromatography and solvent extraction. It is also used in glues, nail polish removers, decaffeinating tea and coffee and in cigarettes. It is present in confectioneries, perfumes and fruits.

GHS Hazard and Precautionary Statements

Hazard Statements: H225-H319-H336

Highly flammable liquid and vapour. Causes serious eye irritation. May cause drowsiness or dizziness.

Precautionary Statements: P210-P240-P241-P242-P243-P264b-P271-P280-P303+P361+P353-P304+P340-P305+P351+P338-P312-P403+P233-P501c

Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. – No smoking. Ground/bond container and receiving equipment. Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/ equipment. Use only non-sparking tools. Take precautionary measures against static discharge. Wash face, hands and any exposed skin thoroughly after handling Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. IF INHALED: Remove to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell. Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. Dispose of contents/ container to an approved waste disposal plant

Physicochemical Information
Boiling point	77 °C (1013 hPa)
Density	0.90 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Explosion limit	2.1 – 11.5 %(V)
Flash point	-4 °C
Ignition temperature	460 °C
Melting Point	-83 °C
Vapor pressure	97 hPa (20 °C)
Solubility	85.3 g/l

Toxicological Information
LD 50 oral	LD50 Rat 5620 mg/kg
LD 50 dermal	LD50 Rabbit > 18000 mg/kg

Other References

Merck: 14,3757

Beilstein: 506104

Hazard Class: 3

Packing Group: II

Harmonized Tariff Code: 2915.31

TSCA: Yes

RTECS: AH5425000

Hazard Statement(s)	H225: Highly flammable liquid and vapour. H319: Causes serious eye irritation. H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness. EUH066: Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.
Precautionary Statement(s)	P210: Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking. P233: Keep container tightly closed. P240: Ground and bond container and receiving equipment. P241: Use explosion-proof electrical/ ventilating/ lighting equipment. P242: Use non-sparking tools. P305 + P351 + P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P403 + P233: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
Signal Word	Danger
RTECS	AH5425000
Storage class	3 Flammable liquids
WGK	WGK 1 slightly hazardous to water
Disposal	1 Strongly contaminated halogen-free organic solvents: container A.

Safety Information
Categories of danger	highly flammable, irritant

Storage and Shipping Information
Storage	Store at +2°C to +30°C.

Transport Information
Declaration (railroad and road) ADR, RID	UN 1173 , 3, II
Declaration (transport by air) IATA-DGR	UN 1173 , 3, II
Declaration (transport by sea) IMDG-Code	UN 1173 , 3, II

Other Names

1-Acetoxyethane
Acetic acid, ethyl ester
Acetic ether
Acetidin
Acetoxyethane
Aethylacetat
CH3COOC2H5
Essigester
Ethyl acetic ester
Ethyl ester of acetic acid
Ethyl ethanoate
Ethylacetaat
Ethyle (acetate d’)
Ethylester kyseliny octove
Etile (acetato di)
NSC 70930
Rcra waste number U112
UN 1173
Vinegar naphtha
ac. acetic ethyl ester

ω : Acentric Factor.
PAff : Proton affinity (kJ/mol).
T_ig: Autoignition Temperature (K).
BasG : Gas basicity (kJ/mol).
Δ_cH°_liquid: Standard liquid enthalpy of combustion (kJ/mol).
C_p,gas: Ideal gas heat capacity (J/mol×K).
C_p,liquid: Liquid phase heat capacity (J/mol×K).
μ : Dipole Moment (debye).
η : Dynamic viscosity (Pa×s).
LFL : Lower Flammability Limit (% in Air).
UFL : Upper Flammability Limit (% in Air).
T_flash,cc: Flash Point (Closed Cup Method) (K).
T_flash,oc: Flash Point (Open Cup Method) (K).
Δ_fG° : Standard Gibbs free energy of formation (kJ/mol).
R_g: Radius of Gyration.
Δ_fH°_gas: Enthalpy of formation at standard conditions (kJ/mol).
Δ_fH°_liquid: Liquid phase enthalpy of formation at standard conditions (kJ/mol).
Δ_fusH° : Enthalpy of fusion at standard conditions (kJ/mol).
Δ_fusH : Enthalpy of fusion at a given temperature (kJ/mol).
Δ_vapH° : Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions (kJ/mol).
Δ_vapH : Enthalpy of vaporization at a given temperature (kJ/mol).
IE : Ionization energy (eV).
log₁₀WS : Log10 of Water solubility in mol/l.
logP_oct/wat: Octanol/Water partition coefficient.
McVol : McGowan’s characteristic volume (ml/mol).
NFPA Fire : NFPA Fire Rating.
P_c: Critical Pressure (kPa).
P_vap: Vapor pressure (kPa).
n₀: Refractive Index.
ρ_c: Critical density (kg/m³).
ρ_l: Liquid Density (kg/m³).
I_np: Non-polar retention indices.
I : Polar retention indices.
Δ_fusS : Entropy of fusion at a given temperature (J/mol×K).
S°_gas: Molar entropy at standard conditions (J/mol×K).
S°_liquid: Liquid phase molar entropy at standard conditions (J/mol×K).
c_sound,fluid: Speed of sound in fluid (m/s).
γ : Surface Tension (N/m).
T_boil: Normal Boiling Point Temperature (K).
T_boil: Boiling point at given pressure (K).
T_c: Critical Temperature (K).
λ : Liquid thermal conductivity (W/m×K).
T_fus: Normal melting (fusion) point (K).
T_triple: Triple Point Temperature (K).
V_c: Critical Volume (m³/kmol).
V_m: Molar Volume (m³/mol).
Z_c: Critical Compressibility.
Z_ra: Rackett Parameter.

Notes

It is flammable and may be moisture sensitive.

Methyl Acetate

admin — Tue, 26 Jan 2021 16:51:06 +0000

Methyl Acetate

Methyl acetate is a clear, colourless liquid that has a typical ester odour similar to glues and nail polish removers. It is very flammable with a flashpoint of -10° C and a flammability rating of 3. Methyl acetate is commonly used in low toxicity solvents such as glues, nail polish removers.

It is highly miscible with all common organic solvents (alcohols, ketones, glycols, esters) but has only slight miscibility in water, but becomes more soluble in water with elevated temperatures. It is commonly found in fruits such as apples, grapes and bananas.

Specification of Methyl Acetate (Grade A 95%):

No.	CHARACTERISTICS	TEST METHOD	VALUE UNITS
1	Appearance	Visual Inspection	Clear and Free
2	Purity, %wt	ASTM D-3545	95 (min)
3	Water	ASTM E-1064	0.5 %
4	Acetic Acid	ASTM D-1613	0.003 %
5	Density gr/cm3, at20°C	ASTM D-1298	0.931
6	Methanol	ASTM D-3545	4.5 %wt

Specification of Methyl Acetate (Grade B 85%):

No.	CHARACTERISTICS	TEST METHOD	VALUE UNITS
1	Appearance	Visual Inspection	Clear and Free
2	Purity, %wt	ASTM D-3545	85 (min)
3	Water	ASTM E-1064	0.5 %
4	Acetic Acid	ASTM D-1613	0.003 %
5	Density gr/cm3, at20°C	ASTM D-1298	0.905
6	Methanol	ASTM D-3545	14.5 %wt

General Description

Methyl acetate (MA) is an aliphatic ester that can be prepared via carbonylation of dimethyl ether over zeolites. MA is formed as a by-product during the preparation of polyvinyl alcohol from acetic acid and methanol.

Applications

Methyl acetate may be used for the preparation of fatty acid methyl esters and triacetin from rapeseed oil via non-catalytic trans-esterification reaction under super-critical conditions. Methyl acetate can occur naturally in food (for example, fruits) and may be used as a flavouring agent in food.

Industry Uses

Industry uses of methyl acetate involve the reaction of carbonylation of it to produce acetic anhydride. It is commonly used in low toxicity solvents such as paint and coating adhesives, lubricants, intermediates, processing aids and as a solvent in paint, glue, nail polish and graffiti removers.

Methyl acetate is also used as a chemical intermediate for the synthesis of chlorophacinone, diphacinone, fenfluramine, o-methoxyphenyl acetone, p-methoxyphenyl acetone, methyl cinnamate, methyl cyanoacetate, methyldopa, and phenylacetone and in the manufacturing of cellulose adhesives and perfumes.

Commercial Uses

Methyl acetate is used commercially as a flavoring agent in food additives for rum, brandy, whisky, in adhesives, cleaning products, personal care and cosmetic products, lubricants, fast-paced drying paints such as lacquers, motor vehicle coatings, furniture coatings, industrial coatings (low boiling point) inks, resins, oils artificial leathers and electronic products. The main user end markets for this product are the paint, coatings, cosmetic, textiles and motor industries.

It may also be used as a precursor in the synthesis of the following:

acetic anhydride
methyl acrylate
vinyl acetate
ethyl amide

Aerosol coatings
Architectural coatings
Auto oem
Auto refinish
Building materials
Commerical printing inks
Construction chemicals
Fabric care
Flexographic printing inks
Furniture
General industrial coatings
Graphic arts
Hard surface care
Industrial cleaners
Industrial maintenance
Institutional cleaners
Marine
Other-transportation
Paints & coatings
Process additives
Process solvents
Roofing ingredients
Upholstery
Wood coatings

adhesives and sealants
nail polish and remover
cleansers and exfoliants
spray paints and coatings
paint strippers or removers

Methyl acetate is also known as acetic acid methyl ester.

Methyl Acetate is also used for:

Colors and coatings:
Soluble methyl acetate is a high evaporation rate, so it can be used in the production of all types of early drying paints and wood coatings (varnishes), industrial applications, automobile industry, vehicles and marine equipment, cans and more. The lack of volatile organic matter in methyl acetate has increased its use in the production of colors and coatings. It is also very suitable as a solvent in nail polish.
Clean the surfaces:
used as a solvent in surface cleansers due to its water-repellent and rapid drying properties. Because methyl acetate is rapidly converted to steam. Pollutants do not absorb air to the desired level. In addition, the methyl acetate water-repellent properties make it suitable for cleaning metal surfaces before painting and preparing them for marine applications and moisture-sensitive equipment.
Other Use:
also used as a solvent in the production of quick drying adhesives. The adhesives are produced by dissolving rubber and resin in methyl acetate. When the adhesive is applied on the surface, methyl acetate evaporates rapidly and causes the adhesive to harden and adheres to the surface. Methyl acetate is also used in cosmetics, personal care products such as perfume, nail polish and lacquer cleaner.

Handling

Hazards & Toxicity has an NFPA health rating of 2 and can cause temporary incapacitation or residual injury. If inhaled or ingested, headaches, dizziness, drowsiness, and fatigue can occur.

Contact with the eyes can cause irritation. It has a flammability rating of 3 and can be ignited under most ambient temperature conditions residing from its low flash point of -10 °C. When ablaze, methyl acetate emits heavy, irritating, and toxic fumes that can travel considerable distances. These vapors are also explosive and risk bursting if able to return to the source of ignition.

Methyl acetate’s reactivity is aligned with other compounds of the ester group. In the presence of strong bases or acids such as sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid at high temperatures, it is converted back into methanol and acetic acid.

Storage & Distribution

Methyl acetate should be stored in a storage area specialized for flammable liquids, tightly enclosed in drummed containers such as iso tanks made of stainless steel, aluminum, or carbon steel. This area should be cool, dry, and well-ventilated, out of direct sunlight, heat, open flames, and away from strong acids and alkalis, nitrates, and strong oxidizers.
A bulk solvent exporter would normally distribute in bulk vessels or tank trucks. For transportation purposes, methyl acetate is classed as a flammable liquid with a fire hazard rating of 2 and is a packing group 2.

Safety & Procedures

Personal protective equipment should be worn at all times when handling methyl ethanoate to prevent contact with the skin, eyes, nose and throat.
If contact is made with the skin, immediately wash the contaminated area and seek medical attention. If contact is made with the eyes, immediately wash with large amounts of water.
If swallowed, seek medical attention immediately.
When opening containers or moving opened containers, they must be fully resealed and maintained in an upright position to prohibit leakages.
If methyl ethanoate is spilt, isolate the leak for at least 50 meters in all directions. In the event of a fire, water extinguishers may be ineffective due to methyl acetate’s low flashpoint. Foam extinguishers that are alcohol-resistant are suitable for small and large fires.

Methyl ethanoate technical properties

Chemical and physical properties of methyl acetate:

Molecular Formula: C₃H₆O₂ / CH₃COOCH₃

Synonyms: methyl ethanoate, acetic acid methyl ester, MeOAc, tereton, devoton, methyl ester of acetic acid, methylacetate

Cas Number: 79-20-9

Molecular Mass: 74.079 g·mol−1

Exact Mass: 74.036779 g/mol

Flashpoint: 14 °F / -10 °C

Boiling Point: 134.4 °F at 760 mm Hg / 56.8 °C

Melting Point: -144 °F / -98.0 °C

Vapour Pressure: 170 mm Hg at 68 ° F ; 235 mm Hg at 77° F

Water Solubility: ~25% (20 °C)

Density: 0.932 g cm−3

Log P: 0.18

Methyl acetate is a carboxylate ester as it contains a carbonyl group bonded to an OR group and is produced through the esterification of acetic acid with methanol.

How is methyl acetate produced?

There are various methods of producing methyl acetate. One that is used industrially is via carbonylation. These types of reactions bring together carbon monoxide substrates. To produce methyl acetate, methanol is heated alongside acetic acid in the presence of sulfuric acid. Another method of production is the esterification of methanol and acetic acid in the presence of a strong acid. Sulfuric acid is a common catalyst also used in this reaction.

Handling, Storage & Distribution

Hazards & Toxicity

Methly acetate has a NFPA health rating of 2 and can cause temporary incapacitation or residual injury. If inhaled or ingested, headaches, dizziness, drowsiness and fatigue can occur. Contact with the eyes can cause irritation. It has a flammability rating of 3 and can be ignited under most ambient temperature conditions residing from its low flash point of -10 °C. When ablaze, methyl acetate emits heavy, irritating, and toxic fumes that can travel considerable distances. These vapours are also explosive and risk bursting if able to return to the source of ignition.

Storage & Distribution

Methyl acetate should be stored in a storage area specialised for flammable liquids, tightly enclosed in drummed containers such as isotanks made of stainless steel, aluminium or carbon steel. This area should be cool, dry and well-ventilated, out of direct sunlight, heat, open flames and away from strong acids and alkalis, nitrates and strong oxidisers.

A bulk solvent exporter would normally distribute in bulk vessels or tank trucks. For transportation purposes, methyl acetate is classed as a flammable liquid with a fire hazard rating of 2 and is a packing group 2.

Safety & Procedures

When opening containers or moving opened containers, they must be fully resealed and maintained in an upright position to prohibit leakages.

If methyl ethanoate is spilt, isolate the leak for at least 50 metres in all directions. In the event of a fire, water extinguishers may be ineffective due to methyl acetate’s low flashpoint. Foam extinguishers that are alcohol-resistant are suitable for small and large fires.

What is methyl ethanoate used for?

Industry Uses

Industry uses of methyl ethanoate involve the reaction of carbonylation to produce acetic anhydride. It is also used in paint and coating adhesives, lubricants, intermediates, processing aids and as a solvent in paint, glue, nail polish and graffiti removers.

Methyl ethanoate is also used as a chemical intermediate for the synthesis of chlorophacinone, diphacinone, fenfluramine, o-methoxyphenylacetone, p-methoxyphenylacetone, methyl cinnamate, methyl cyanoacetate, methyldopa, and phenylacetone and in the manufacturing of cellulose adhesives and perfumes.

Commercial Uses

Methyl ethanoate is used commercially as a flavouring agent in food additives for rum, brandy, whisky, in adhesives, cleaning products, personal care and cosmetic products, lubricants, fast-paced drying paints such as lacquers, motor vehicle coatings, furniture coatings, industrial coatings (low boiling point) inks, resins, oils artificial leathers and electronic products. The main user end markets for this product are the paint, coatings, cosmetic, textiles and motor industries.

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