n-Propanol
n-Propanol is a clear, low-viscosity, neutral liquid with a characteristic alcohol odor. The product is miscible with all common solvents, such as alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, ethers, glycols and aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons. n-Propanol is also miscible in all proportions with water.
- CAS #: 71-23-8
- FORMULA: C3H7-OH
- PRODUCT TYPE: Petrochemcial
- HAZARD: 3 Flammable Liquids
- IUPAC Name: Propan-1-ol Other Names: n-Propyl alcohol, n-Propanol, n-PrOH, Ethylcarbinol, 1-Hydroxypropane, Propionic alcohol, Propionyl alcohol, Propionylol, Propyl alcohol, Propylic alcohol, Propylol
Description
1-Propanol shows the normal reactions of a primary alcohol. Thus it can be converted to alkyl halides; for example red phosphorus and iodine produce n-propyl iodide in 80% yield, while PCl3 with catalytic ZnCl2 gives n-propyl chloride. Reaction with acetic acid in the presence of an H2SO4 catalyst under Fischer esterification conditions gives propyl acetate, while refluxing propanol overnight with formic acid alone can produce propyl formate in 65% yield. Oxidation of 1-propanol with Na2Cr2O7 and H2SO4 gives only a 36% yield of propionaldehyde, and therefore for this type of reaction higher yielding methods using PCC or the Swern oxidation are recommended. Oxidation with chromic acid yields propionic acid.
1-Propanol is a primary alcohol with the formula CH3CH2CH2OH (sometimes represented as PrOH or n-PrOH). This colorless liquid is also known as propan-1-ol, 1-propyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, and n-propanol. It is an isomer of 2-propanol (propan-2-ol, isopropyl alcohol, isopropanol). It is formed naturally in small amounts during many fermentation processes and used as a solvent in the pharmaceutical industry mainly for resins and cellulose esters.
1-propanol has high octane numbers and it is suitable for engine fuel usage. However, the production of propanol has been too expensive to make it a common fuel. The research octane number (RON) of propanol is 118 and anti-knock index (AKI) is 108.
IUPAC Name: Propan-1-ol Other Names: n-Propyl alcohol, n-Propanol, n-PrOH, Ethylcarbinol, 1-Hydroxypropane, Propionic alcohol, Propionyl alcohol, Propionylol, Propyl alcohol, Propylic alcohol, Propylol
1-Propanol, HPLC Grade, 99% min
Chemical Properties
Grade Specifications
Applications
1-Propanol is used as a mobile phase in High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Liquid Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry.
Notes
GHS Hazard and Precautionary Statements
Hazard Statements: H225-H313-H318-H336
Highly flammable liquid and vapour. May be harmful in contact with skin. Causes serious eye damage. May cause drowsiness or dizziness.
Precautionary Statements: P210-P240-P242-P243-P261-P271-P280-P303+P361+P353-P304+P340-P305+P351+P338-P310-P403+P233-P501c
Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. – No smoking. Ground/bond container and receiving equipment. Use only non-sparking tools. Take precautionary measures against static discharge. Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. IF INHALED: Remove to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. Dispose of contents/ container to an approved waste disposal plant
Other References
Synonym : 1-propanol, propanol, propyl alcohol, n-propanol, n-propyl alcohol, ethylcarbinol, 1-hydroxypropane, optal, osmosol extra, propylic alcohol
Specifications
| Color | Colorless |
| Melting Point | -127°C |
| Boiling Point | 97°C |
| UN Number | 1274 |
| Formula Weight | 60.10 |
| Physical Form | Clear Liquid at 20°C |
| Percent Purity | ≥99.5% (GC) min |
| Chemical Name or Material | 1-Propanol |
Identification & Functionality
Applications & Uses
Industrial — Chemical & Industrial Manufacturing
Printing & Packaging — Printing & Inks
- Solvent in antiseptics applications
- Solvent in pharmaceutical preparations
- Solvents in drug synthesis
- Solvent in cosmetic preparations
- Solvent in flexographic inks
- Raw material for manufacture of normal propyl amines
- Raw material for manufacture of normal propyl paraben
- Raw material for manufacture of normal propyl acetate
n-Propanol is used for manufacture of : coating products, laboratory chemicals, lubricants and greases, washing & cleaning products, metal working fluids and plant protection products. It is also used in the fields of scientific research and development and health services.
n-Propanol is known to be used in industires that manufacture fabricated metal products, electrical, electronic and optical equipment and machinery and vehicles. It serves as a raw material in synthesis of many important chemicals.
Properties
| Value | Units | Test Method / Conditions | |
| Acidity (as CH3COOH) | max. 0.001 | mass % | ASTM D1613, DIN 55652 |
| n-Propanol Content (Dry Basis) | min. 99.90 | mass % | GC |
| Iso-Propanol Content (Dry Basis) | max. 0.005 | mass % | GC |
| 2-Butanol Content | max. 0.05 | mass % | GC |
| Distillation at 101.3 Kpa: Initial Boiling Point | 97.3 | °C | ASTM D1078, ISO 918 |
| Distillation at 101.3 Kpa: Final Boiling Point | 97.6 | °C | ASTM D1078, ISO 918 |
| Refractive Index (ND20) | 1.384-1.387 | – | ASTM D1218, ISO 5661 |
| Purity (Wet Basis) | 99.8 | wt% | GC |
| Specific Gravity at 20/20°C | min. 0.8040 (max. 0.8060) | – | ASTM D4052 |
| Gas Chromatography Analysis (Secondary Butanol) | 0.05 | wt% | GC |
| Water Content | max. 0.1 | wt. % | DIN 51777 |
| Color | max. 5 | – | – |
| Iron Content | max. 1 | mg/kg | DIN 38406 T1 |
| Non-Volatile Matter | max. 4 | mg/100ml | ASTM D1353, ISO 759 |
| Density at 20°C | 0.803-0.805 | g/ml | ASTM D4052, ISO 12185 |
Regulatory & Compliance
Storage & Handling
Safe Handling Advice
- Ensure all equipment is electrically grounded before beginning transfer operations. Keep away from heat and sources of ignition. Use only with adequate ventilation.
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Additional information
| Packaging Type | ISO Tank, Steel Drum |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer |
